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Writing
is a complex activity which draws on the writer's linguistic, social, and
problem
solving skills. My research explores all of these aspects of writing processes through a combination of methodologies, including thinking aloud protocols, expert-novice comparisons, experimental studies of comprehension and perception, and naturalistic observation. One line of research has been directed at the development and testing of a model of the cognitive processes involved in writing. This research has led to increased understanding of such topics as: What is the nature of planning in writing? How are sentences composed? What processes are involved in revision? Why do people experience difficulty in writing clearly about topics on which they are expert? A second line of research concerns the way in which writing assignments are carried out in natural or non-laboratory-settings. This line of research has led to increased understanding of differences in the way experts and novices approach school writing tasks and to increased understanding of how a teacher's teaching methods influence student effort in writing. I am
also conducting a third line of research on the role of knowledge in creative
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